隨著國家環(huán)保節(jié)能政策的實施，馳放氣發(fā)電機組冷、熱、電分布式能源項目因為其能效高、清潔環(huán)保、安全性好、經(jīng)濟效益高等特點而蓬勃發(fā)展。在馳放氣發(fā)電機組冷、熱、電分布式能源項目中，馳放氣發(fā)電機組是其重要的組成部分。馳放氣發(fā)電機組部分設(shè)計好壞關(guān)乎著整個項目的成敗。前兩期我們分別介紹了馳放氣發(fā)電機組的安裝應(yīng)用設(shè)計要點和余熱利用設(shè)計要點（點擊閱讀），本期將繼續(xù)向大家介紹馳放氣發(fā)電機組消防環(huán)保工程設(shè)計要點。

　　With the implementation of national environmental protection and energy conservation policies, the distributed energy projects for cooling, heating, and electricity of exhaust gas generators are flourishing due to their high energy efficiency, cleanliness, environmental protection, good safety, and high economic benefits. In the distributed energy project of cold, hot, and electric power generation using venting gas generators, venting gas generators are an important component. The design of the exhaust gas generator set is crucial to the success or failure of the entire project. In the first two issues, we introduced the installation and application design points and waste heat utilization design points of the venting gas generator set respectively (click to read). In this issue, we will continue to introduce the design points of fire protection and environmental protection engineering for venting gas generator sets.

　　本期主講-消防環(huán)保工程設(shè)計要點機房通風(fēng)設(shè)計要點降噪系統(tǒng)設(shè)計要點消防系統(tǒng)設(shè)計要點

　　Key points of fire protection and environmental engineering design in this issue - Key points of ventilation design in computer rooms, key points of noise reduction system design, and key points of fire protection system design

　　1機房通風(fēng)設(shè)計要點機房通風(fēng)的主要目的有兩個：一個是提供發(fā)動機燃燒時所需要的新鮮空氣；另一個是帶走發(fā)電機組本身輻射熱量，保證機房環(huán)境溫度。因此正確的機房通風(fēng)是保證發(fā)電機組正常運行的重要條件。在機房通風(fēng)設(shè)計中主要有兩個方面：一、足夠通風(fēng)量：足夠風(fēng)量才能帶走發(fā)電機組輻射的熱量，才能保證機房的環(huán)境溫度。機房通風(fēng)量計算公式如下：V進 = H/1.099 * 0.017 * Δt? +? V空V排 = H/1.099 * 0.017 * ΔtV進—進風(fēng)通風(fēng)量H—發(fā)電機組輻射熱量Δt—發(fā)電機組允許溫升(在遠置散熱系統(tǒng)中通常取15?C )V排—排風(fēng)通風(fēng)量??V空—發(fā)動機燃燒空氣量二、正確的通風(fēng)路徑：從室外進入機房的新鮮空氣，應(yīng)流經(jīng)發(fā)電機、發(fā)動機，并與發(fā)動機和發(fā)電機進行充分熱交換后再排出室外。如果流經(jīng)機房的新鮮空氣沒有與發(fā)電機和發(fā)動機進行充分的熱交換，就不能帶走發(fā)電機組輻射的熱量，也就起不到通風(fēng)的效果。

　　The main purpose of computer room ventilation design is twofold: one is to provide fresh air required for engine combustion; Another is to take away the radiation heat from the generator set itself to ensure the ambient temperature of the computer room. Therefore, proper ventilation of the computer room is an important condition for ensuring the normal operation of the generator set. There are two main aspects in the ventilation design of the computer room: first, sufficient ventilation volume: sufficient air volume is necessary to remove the heat radiated by the generator set and ensure the ambient temperature of the computer room. The calculation formula for ventilation volume in the computer room is as follows: V inlet=H/1.099 * 0.017 * Δ t? +V air V exhaust=H/1.099 * 0.017 * Δ tTV intake ventilation rate H - radiant heat of the generator set Δ t - allowable temperature rise of the generator set (usually set at 15 ° C in remote cooling systems) V exhaust ventilation rate?? V air - engine combustion air volume 2. Correct ventilation path: Fresh air entering the engine room from outside should flow through the generator and engine, and undergo sufficient heat exchange with the engine and generator before being discharged outside. If the fresh air flowing through the computer room does not have sufficient heat exchange with the generator and engine, it cannot take away the heat radiated by the generator set, and therefore cannot achieve ventilation effect.

　　2降噪系統(tǒng)設(shè)計要點馳放氣發(fā)電機組在運行時噪聲相當(dāng)大，達到108dBA@1m。長時間一百多分貝的噪音，可能對人的聽力造成不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的損害。因此機房降噪工程至關(guān)重要。馳放氣發(fā)電機組的降噪系統(tǒng)有兩種設(shè)計方式：

　　The key points of noise reduction system design are that the exhaust gas generator set produces considerable noise during operation, achieving 108dBA@1m Long term noise of over 100 decibels may cause irreversible damage to human hearing. Therefore, noise reduction engineering in the computer room is crucial. There are two design methods for the noise reduction system of the exhaust gas generator set:

　　一種是緊貼著發(fā)電機組本體搭建靜音罩，將馳放氣發(fā)電機組的整體噪聲降低到85 dBA以下；一種是機房降噪設(shè)計，使機房外的噪音降低到75 dBA以下。當(dāng)然也可以兩種方式同時采用，這樣可以使整體噪聲水平控制在一定程度。????

　　One method is to build a soundproof cover closely attached to the generator set body, reducing the overall noise of the exhaust gas generator set to below 85 dBA; One is the noise reduction design of the computer room, which reduces the noise outside the computer room to below 75 dBA. Of course, both methods can be used simultaneously to control the overall noise level to a certain extent.????

　　馳放氣發(fā)電機組機房的降噪工程設(shè)計，主要是針對馳放氣發(fā)電機組工作時的排氣噪聲、機械噪聲和燃燒噪聲、冷卻風(fēng)扇和排風(fēng)通道噪聲、進氣噪聲等聲源，采取減震和隔聲措施，限制震動和噪聲傳播的途徑，達到降噪的目的。機房主要降噪設(shè)備和降噪設(shè)施有：

　　The noise reduction engineering design of the exhaust gas generator room is mainly aimed at the exhaust noise, mechanical noise, combustion noise, cooling fan and exhaust duct noise, intake noise and other sound sources during the operation of the exhaust gas generator set. Shock absorption and sound insulation measures are taken to limit the propagation of vibration and noise and achieve the purpose of noise reduction. The main noise reduction equipment and facilities in the computer room include:

　　1)排煙消音器：馳放氣發(fā)電機組排煙流速高，噪聲大。通常在其排煙路徑中加裝一級或二級消音器。通過消音器限制排氣噪聲的傳播，減小排氣噪音；

　　1) Smoke exhaust muffler: The exhaust flow rate of the exhaust gas generator set is high and the noise is loud. Usually, a primary or secondary muffler is installed in its exhaust path. Limiting the propagation of exhaust noise through mufflers and reducing exhaust noise;

　　2)防火隔聲門：為防止聲音從機房門處傳出，需要安裝防火隔聲門，并對四周進行密封處理。限制聲音的傳播途徑，減小噪音；

　　2) Fireproof soundproof door: To prevent sound from coming out of the computer room door, it is necessary to install fireproof soundproof doors and seal the surrounding area. Restricting the propagation of sound and reducing noise;

　　3)進排風(fēng)消音器：為了保證機房足夠的新鮮空氣的流動，機房需設(shè)計進、排風(fēng)口。在機房進、排風(fēng)口處安裝進排風(fēng)消音器，減小機房噪音向外傳播；

　　3) Inlet and exhaust muffler: In order to ensure sufficient fresh air flow in the computer room, the computer room needs to be designed with inlet and outlet vents. Install intake and exhaust silencers at the air inlet and outlet of the computer room to reduce the outward propagation of noise from the computer room;

　　4)機房四周墻壁及天花隔音板：為了減小機房的噪音混響，采取吸聲，隔聲措施即對機房四周墻壁及機房頂部進行吸聲和隔聲處理，防止混響的產(chǎn)生以期達到非常好的降噪效果；

　　4) Soundproofing panels on the walls and ceilings around the computer room: In order to reduce the noise reverberation of the computer room, sound absorption and insulation measures are taken, which means that the walls and ceiling around the computer room are treated with sound absorption and insulation to prevent reverberation and achieve the best noise reduction effect;

　　5)進排風(fēng)百葉窗：為了美觀及防止設(shè)備腐蝕，進、排風(fēng)口需加裝百葉窗。

　　5) Air intake and exhaust louvers: For aesthetic purposes and to prevent equipment corrosion, louvers need to be installed at the air intake and exhaust ports.

　　3消防系統(tǒng)設(shè)計要點消防系統(tǒng)是燃氣冷、熱、電分布式能源項目必不可少的一個滅火防火保護系統(tǒng)。消防系統(tǒng)包括燃氣泄漏檢測裝置，火焰（煙霧）檢測傳感器，強制通風(fēng)裝置和氣體滅火裝置。為什么一定要采用氣體滅火裝置呢？

　　3 Key points of fire protection system design: The fire protection system is an essential fire extinguishing and fire protection system for gas cooled, hot, and electric distributed energy projects. The fire protection system includes gas leak detection devices, flame (smoke) detection sensors, forced ventilation devices, and gas fire extinguishing devices. Why must gas fire extinguishing devices be used?

　　1)機房內(nèi)有大量設(shè)備，為了確保設(shè)備的電子線路不被腐蝕，建議采用無腐蝕作用的氣體進行自動滅火。

　　1) There are a large number of equipment in the computer room, and in order to ensure that the electronic circuits of the equipment are not corroded, non corrosive gases must be used for automatic fire extinguishing.

　　2)氣體滅火裝置性能可靠，不損壞電子設(shè)備。

　　2) The gas fire extinguishing device has reliable performance and does not damage electronic equipment.

　　3)氣體管道采用暗管方式布置，不會影響機房整體效果。

　　3) The gas pipeline is arranged in a concealed manner, which will not affect the overall effect of the computer room.

　　4)根據(jù)機房面積設(shè)置鋼瓶間大小位置。鋼瓶內(nèi)滅火氣體的存儲壓力建議采用2.5Mpa

　　4) Set the size and position of the steel cylinder room according to the area of the computer room. It is recommended to use a storage pressure of 2.5Mpa for the extinguishing gas inside the steel cylinder

　　機房起火的原因有兩個：一個是電氣過載或短路引起的，燃燒的主要區(qū)域一般在地板下或天花板上。燃燒初期發(fā)生濃煙，溫度上升相對較慢；一個是燃氣泄漏遇到火花，發(fā)生爆炸。具有突發(fā)性，破壞力大的特點。爆炸范圍可能遍布所有區(qū)域。針對這兩個起火原因，消防系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計理念是：

　　There are two reasons for the fire in the computer room: one is caused by electrical overload or short circuit, and the main area of combustion is usually under the floor or ceiling. During the initial stage of combustion, thick smoke occurs and the temperature rises relatively slowly; One is when a gas leak encounters sparks, resulting in an explosion. Characterized by suddenness and great destructive power. The explosion range may cover all areas. The design concept of the fire protection system for these two causes of fire is:

　　1)針對第一種起火原因，由火焰（煙霧）探測器觸動的，它會直接發(fā)出報警信號，同時按照規(guī)定程序，將整個系統(tǒng)關(guān)閉。然后關(guān)閉防火卷簾，非常后觸發(fā)氣體滅火裝置。這個時間為10---100秒可設(shè)定。消防門可以在明顯時間由內(nèi)部打開，以防止卷簾門關(guān)閉之后還有人員留在現(xiàn)場的情況發(fā)生。

　　1) For the first cause of fire, triggered by a flame (smoke) detector, it will directly issue an alarm signal and shut down the entire system according to the prescribed procedure. Then close the fireproof roller shutter and finally trigger the gas fire extinguishing device. This time can be set between 10-100 seconds. The fire door can be opened from the inside at any time to prevent personnel from staying on site after the rolling shutter door is closed.

　　2)針對第二種起火原因 ，由燃氣泄漏探測器觸動的，它會直接關(guān)斷燃氣供應(yīng)管道的緊急停止閥門和上級閥門。同時發(fā)出報警信號，系統(tǒng)緊急停機。然后觸發(fā)強制排風(fēng)裝置。強制排風(fēng)扇的電動機應(yīng)選用防爆電動機。

　　2) For the second cause of fire, triggered by a gas leak detector, it will directly shut off the emergency stop valve and upper level valve of the gas supply pipeline. Simultaneously issue an alarm signal and the system will shut down urgently. Then trigger the forced exhaust device. The motor for the forced exhaust fan should be an explosion-proof motor.

　　3)如果兩種情況同時出現(xiàn)，執(zhí)行裝置中，氣體滅火器優(yōu)先運作。

　　3) If both situations occur simultaneously, the gas fire extinguisher will operate first in the execution device.

　　4)當(dāng)機房內(nèi)的燃氣泄漏后，有可能直接被火花引起爆炸。為了減小這種現(xiàn)象帶來的危害，在機房設(shè)計時，應(yīng)設(shè)計泄爆墻體即燃氣機房的一面墻體應(yīng)使用輕型材料制作，當(dāng)機房內(nèi)發(fā)生爆炸時，泄爆墻會首先碎裂，以制掉爆炸時產(chǎn)生的強大壓力。泄爆的方向不可對著人員密集的區(qū)域。

　　4) When gas leaks in the computer room, it may be directly ignited and cause an explosion. In order to reduce the harm caused by this phenomenon, in the design of the computer room, the explosion-proof wall should be designed, that is, one side of the wall of the gas computer room should be made of lightweight materials. When an explosion occurs in the computer room, the explosion-proof wall will first shatter to suppress the strong pressure generated during the explosion. The direction of explosion should not face densely populated areas.

　　根據(jù)消防規(guī)范，消防系統(tǒng)組成和實際應(yīng)用需求，結(jié)合以上關(guān)于消防系統(tǒng)的說明，在消防系統(tǒng)設(shè)計中有以下設(shè)計要點：1消防滅火系統(tǒng)的布置1）設(shè)置一個氣體緊急啟動停止按鈕，安裝在滅火區(qū)域的外墻上；2）設(shè)置兩個聲光報警器，安裝在滅火區(qū)域，內(nèi)、外各一個；3）設(shè)置氣體噴放指示燈一個，氣體噴放指示燈是由滅火控制器接到氣體管路上壓力開關(guān)動作后的返回信號控制。2消防聯(lián)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計1）在機房發(fā)生一路報警，二路報警及氣體噴放三個階段時，其動作信號應(yīng)在上一級的消防控制室中反映出來，以便業(yè)主的統(tǒng)一管理；2）保證機房消防系統(tǒng)與建筑物原有的報警設(shè)備相兼容。實現(xiàn)主控制室內(nèi)三種狀態(tài)的輸出和顯示；3）保證機房消防系統(tǒng)與建筑物報警系統(tǒng)的連接等聯(lián)動，空調(diào)系統(tǒng)與非消防電源的關(guān)閉應(yīng)在氣體噴放前30秒時動作。即報警控制器在接到兩路報警信號后發(fā)出關(guān)閉空調(diào)機，滅火區(qū)域的防火閥及非消防電源的信號。3火災(zāi)探測器位置設(shè)計1）在地板上，天花板下的區(qū)域，安裝兩種不同靈敏度的感煙探測器；2）地板下安裝1個感煙探測器，1個感溫探測器。如機房面積較大時，可以順著動力電纜的走向增加安裝傳感器；3）天花板上安裝1個感煙探測器，1個感溫探測器。如機房面積較大時，可以在每一個主要設(shè)備上方安裝1組傳感器。

　　According to fire safety regulations, the composition of the fire protection system, and practical application requirements, combined with the above description of the fire protection system, there are the following design points in the design of the fire protection system: 1) Layout of the fire extinguishing system: 1) Install a gas emergency start stop button on the exterior wall of the fire extinguishing area; 2) Install two sound and light alarms in the fire extinguishing area, one inside and one outside; 3) Set up a gas discharge indicator light, which is controlled by the return signal from the pressure switch on the gas pipeline connected to the fire extinguishing controller. 2. Fire linkage system design: 1) When there are three stages of alarm in the computer room, including one alarm, two alarms, and gas spraying, the action signal should be reflected in the higher-level fire control room for unified management by the owner; 2) Ensure that the fire protection system in the computer room is compatible with the existing alarm equipment in the building. Realize the output and display of three states in the main control room; 3) Ensure the linkage between the fire protection system in the computer room and the building alarm system, and the shutdown of the air conditioning system and non fire power supply should be activated 30 seconds before gas spraying. After receiving two alarm signals, the alarm controller sends signals to turn off the air conditioning unit, fire dampers in the fire extinguishing area, and non fire power sources. 3. Design of fire detector locations: 1) Install two different sensitivity smoke detectors in the areas above and below the floor and ceiling; 2) Install one smoke detector and one temperature detector under the floor. When the area of the computer room is large, sensors can be installed along the direction of the power cables; 3) Install one smoke detector and one temperature detector on the ceiling. When the computer room area is large, one set of sensors can be installed above each main equipment.

　　本期關(guān)于馳放氣發(fā)電機組消防環(huán)保工程設(shè)計要點已講解完畢，希望能幫助到工作在馳放氣發(fā)電機組方面的各位同行。不全或不盡之處敬請各位專家同行指正。希望通過技術(shù)交流和討論，大家能相互學(xué)習(xí)，共同進步。

　　The key points of fire protection and environmental protection engineering design for venting gas generator sets have been explained in this issue. We hope it can help colleagues working in the field of venting gas generator sets. We kindly ask experts and colleagues to correct any incomplete or incomplete parts. I hope that through technical exchanges and discussions, everyone can learn from each other and make progress together.

　　本文由 馳放氣發(fā)電機組   友情奉獻.更多有關(guān)的知識請點擊  http://www.miaotoo.net/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為多維度的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the exhaust gas generator set For more related knowledge, please click http://www.miaotoo.net/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.