我國低濃度焦爐煤氣的儲量較多，其可應用到發(fā)電機組中，實際發(fā)電機組技術在運用低濃度焦爐煤氣時，為了提高低濃度焦爐煤氣在發(fā)電機組中的運用效率,提出了安全、穩(wěn)定的要求。低濃度焦爐煤氣的利用率非常高,根據(jù)發(fā)電機組的需求,采用高效的技術，完善發(fā)電機組的運行。

　　There are abundant reserves of low concentration coke oven gas in China, which can be applied to power generation units. In actual power generation unit technology, in order to improve the efficiency of using low concentration coke oven gas in power generation units, safety and stability requirements have been put forward. The utilization rate of low concentration coke oven gas is very high. According to the needs of the generator set, efficient technology is adopted to improve the operation of the generator set.

　　1低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的設計原理

　　Design principle of low concentration coke oven gas generator set

　　低濃度焦爐煤氣是指濃度在30%以內的瓦斯燃料,其在發(fā)電機組中的運用,利用電控燃氣混合器技術,同時配合自動控制的空燃比,確保低濃度焦爐煤氣的實際濃度能夠適應發(fā)電機組的運行"。低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的機械原理，主要是設計安全的輸送系統(tǒng),保障瓦斯從地下到地面的安全性,為發(fā)電機組提供低濃度焦爐煤氣燃料，低濃度焦爐煤氣要具有良性循環(huán)的優(yōu)勢,提高發(fā)電機組的經(jīng)濟效益，2低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的技術內容

　　Low concentration coke oven gas refers to gas fuel with a concentration of less than 30%, which is used in power generation units through the use of electrically controlled gas mixer technology and automatic control of air-fuel ratio to ensure that the actual concentration of low concentration coke oven gas can adapt to the operation of the power generation unit. The mechanical principle of low concentration coke oven gas power generation units is mainly to design a safe transportation system to ensure the safety of gas from underground to ground, providing low concentration coke oven gas fuel for the power generation unit. Low concentration coke oven gas should have the advantage of virtuous cycle, improve the economic benefits of the power generation unit, and the technical content of low concentration coke oven gas power generation units

　　2.1燃氣供給

　　2.1 Gas supply

　　發(fā)電機組中的燃氣供給技術,是指把低濃度焦爐煤氣經(jīng)過處理后,在輸送到發(fā)動機的燃燒室內。燃氣供給時,需要根據(jù)發(fā)動機的運行工況,靈活調整燃氣供給量,以便滿足發(fā)電機組的運行需求團。在發(fā)電機組的燃氣供給技術中，低濃度焦爐煤氣到燃燒室的過程中,涉及到很多重要的設備,如電磁閥、電動蝶閥、球閥、混合器、燃氣管路等,各項配件的安裝應用直接關系到燃氣供給的效率。針對燃氣供給技術,提出幾點注意事項:第一,低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組中,閥門的安裝要遵循氣流箭頭的指示,不能有反接的情況;第二，清潔燃氣供給的管道內壁,不能有雜物干擾;第三,燃氣供給管路及設備安裝后，全面檢查系統(tǒng)的運輸效果,預防滲漏,保護發(fā)電機組的燃氣供給部分。

　　The gas supply technology in the generator set refers to the treatment of low concentration coke oven gas and its transportation to the combustion chamber of the engine. When supplying gas, it is necessary to flexibly adjust the gas supply amount according to the operating conditions of the engine in order to meet the operational needs of the generator set. In the gas supply technology of generator sets, the process of low concentration coke oven gas to the combustion chamber involves many important equipment, such as solenoid valves, electric butterfly valves, ball valves, mixers, gas pipelines, etc. The installation and application of various accessories directly affect the efficiency of gas supply. Regarding gas supply technology, several precautions are proposed: firstly, in low concentration coke oven gas generator sets, the installation of valves should follow the indication of the airflow arrow and there should be no reverse connection; Secondly, clean the inner wall of the gas supply pipeline and ensure that there are no impurities interfering with it; Thirdly, after the installation of gas supply pipelines and equipment, a comprehensive inspection of the transportation efficiency of the system should be conducted to prevent leakage and protect the gas supply part of the generator set.

　　2.2 潤滑技術

　　2.2 Lubrication Technology

　　低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的潤滑技術。提高了機組運行的水平。潤滑系統(tǒng)中，潤滑結構占有重要比重,根據(jù)發(fā)電機組的特征,低濃機采用潤滑型式為片力、飛濺復合式潤滑,該系統(tǒng)主要由機油泵、預供油泵、機油濾清器、離心濾清器、各種調節(jié)閥類和潤滑管路等部件組成。利用氣配備的外置機油泵將潤滑油送至主油道,然后至齒輪系、曲軸軸承、凸輪軸軸承、搖臂軸等處,使機組各部位均得到充分的潤滑，在運行過程中要隨時檢測機組運行油壓以保證機組安全穩(wěn)定運行。

　　Lubrication technology for low concentration coke oven gas generator set. Improved the level of unit operation. In the lubrication system, the lubrication structure occupies an important proportion. According to the characteristics of the generator set, the low concentration machine adopts a lubrication type of sheet force and splash composite lubrication. The system is mainly composed of oil pump, pre supply oil pump, oil filter, centrifugal filter, various regulating valves and lubrication pipelines. The external oil pump equipped with gas is used to send lubricating oil to the main oil passage, and then to the gear system, crankshaft bearings, camshaft bearings, rocker arm shafts, etc., so that all parts of the unit are fully lubricated. During operation, the operating oil pressure of the unit should be monitored at all times to ensure safe and stable operation of the unit.

　　2.3冷卻技術

　　2.3 Cooling Technology

　　低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組運行時，采用了循環(huán)冷卻系統(tǒng),通過開式的方法,循環(huán)高溫和低溫條件,達到冷卻發(fā)電機組的目的國。例舉發(fā)電機組冷卻系統(tǒng)中的技術,如:高溫循環(huán)冷卻技術。發(fā)電機組的右側水道,承接高溫冷卻裝置中的水,利用齒輪系結構帶動水泵運輸?shù)阶髠人乐?，再排人到發(fā)電機組的機體中,此時冷卻水會流經(jīng)氣缸外部,由串水管排到氣缸蓋的水腔中,完成了高溫循環(huán)冷卻水的循環(huán)過程:低溫循環(huán)冷卻技術。從低溫水泵到冷卻裝置,屬于開式循環(huán)的過程。低溫冷卻技術具有靈活性的特征,用戶可根據(jù)發(fā)電機組的實際情況，調整低溫循環(huán)冷卻操作,提高冷卻效率。

　　During the operation of the low concentration coke oven gas generator unit, a circulating cooling system is used to circulate high and low temperature conditions through an open method, achieving the goal of cooling the generator unit. Provide examples of technologies used in the cooling system of generator sets, such as high-temperature circulating cooling technology. The right water channel of the generator set receives water from the high-temperature cooling device, and uses a gear train structure to drive the water pump to transport it to the left water channel, and then discharges it into the body of the generator set. At this time, the cooling water will flow outside the cylinder and be discharged into the water chamber of the cylinder head through the water pipe, completing the circulation process of high-temperature circulating cooling water: low-temperature circulating cooling technology. The process from the low-temperature water pump to the cooling device belongs to an open cycle. Low temperature cooling technology has the characteristic of flexibility, and users can adjust the low-temperature circulation cooling operation according to the actual situation of the generator set to improve cooling efficiency.

　　2.4起動技術

　　2.4 Starting Technology

　　起動技術在低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組中主要采用了電動馬達起動系統(tǒng),專門配置啟動柜轉換直流電.提供起動的能源,安裝了電動馬達、蓄電池、起動繼電器、開關等設備,完善發(fā)電機組的起動系統(tǒng)。低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的起動技術上，注意電動馬達的維護及養(yǎng)護。起動時,連續(xù)時間最好不要超過5s,且.空載狀態(tài)下禁止運行電動馬達，定期檢查電動馬達及周圍系統(tǒng)的接線情況,做好清潔工作,維護起動系統(tǒng)的運行性能。發(fā)電機組起動前,檢查電源的供電情況電壓不低于22V。發(fā)電機組在運行期間,注意起動開關的保護，禁止打開，防止發(fā)生誤動的危險情況,全面保護起動系統(tǒng)的運行。

　　The starting technology in low concentration coke oven gas generator sets mainly adopts an electric motor starting system, which is specially equipped with a starting cabinet to convert DC power Providing starting energy, installing electric motors, batteries, starting relays, switches, and other equipment to improve the starting system of the generator set. In terms of starting technology for low concentration coke oven gas generator units, attention should be paid to the maintenance and upkeep of the electric motor. When starting, it is best not to exceed a continuous time of 5 seconds, and Do not operate the electric motor under no-load conditions. Regularly check the wiring of the electric motor and surrounding systems, perform cleaning work, and maintain the operational performance of the starting system. Before starting the generator set, check the power supply status and ensure that the voltage is not lower than 22V. During the operation of the generator set, pay attention to the protection of the starting switch and prohibit it from being turned on to prevent dangerous situations of misoperation and fully protect the operation of the starting system.

　　2.5 點火技術

　　2.5 Ignition Technology

　　低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的點火操作原理是:發(fā)電機組上安裝的霍爾傳感器，獲取對應定時盤上磁釘?shù)男盘?，根?jù)發(fā)動機點火的順序，驅動點火器運行,順著低壓線、點火線圈、高壓線,把點火信號傳送到火花塞處,在氣缸內完成點火。其中,應控制好點火控制器、信號傳感器,提高點火信息的傳輸效率連接點火系統(tǒng)中的低壓線時應注意區(qū)分顏色，對照領色連接好點火線圈,擰緊連接線的螺母,低壓輸出線的電壓范圍,控制在24V上下。高壓線方面,應注意在點火期間,禁止隨意拔插高壓線。發(fā)電機組運行一段時間后，要檢查點火系統(tǒng)中的火花塞并拆卸火花塞進行檢查,及時更換老化、破損的火花塞。

　　The ignition operation principle of the low concentration coke oven gas generator set is: the Hall sensor installed on the generator set obtains the signal of the magnetic pin on the corresponding timing plate, drives the igniter to run according to the ignition sequence of the engine, and transmits the ignition signal to the spark plug along the low voltage line, ignition coil, and high voltage line, completing the ignition in the cylinder. Among them, the ignition controller and signal sensor should be well controlled to improve the transmission efficiency of ignition information. When connecting the low-voltage wires in the ignition system, attention should be paid to distinguishing colors, connecting the ignition coil according to the color, tightening the nut of the connecting wire, and controlling the voltage range of the low-voltage output wire to around 24V. In terms of high-voltage wires, it should be noted that during ignition, it is forbidden to randomly plug and unplug high-voltage wires. After the generator set has been running for a period of time, it is necessary to check the spark plugs in the ignition system and remove them for inspection. Aging or damaged spark plugs should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　2.6控制技術

　　2.6 Control Technology

　　發(fā)電機組的控制,是指在低濃度焦爐煤氣使用前,對整個發(fā)電機組進行調試操作。低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組運行期間,不能隨意調整各項系統(tǒng)及結構,所以只能在運行前,實行有效的調試控制,降低運行故障的發(fā)生機率,同時提高發(fā)電機組的運行精度。例如:專門設置了安全保護.當發(fā)電機組有超速情況時,整體停機.以此來保護發(fā)電機組.發(fā)電機組在允許的安全范圍中啟動，現(xiàn)場的故障信息直接傳輸?shù)娇刂浦行?且對于發(fā)電機組的內部故障,以代碼閃爍的方式提醒,起到預警作用

　　The control of the generator set refers to the debugging operation of the entire generator set before the use of low concentration coke oven gas. During the operation of low concentration coke oven gas generator units, various systems and structures cannot be adjusted arbitrarily. Therefore, effective debugging and control can only be implemented before operation to reduce the probability of operational failures and improve the operational accuracy of the generator units. For example, security protection has been specifically set up When the generator set experiences overspeed, it will shut down as a whole To protect the generator set The generator set is started within the allowable safety range, and the on-site fault information is directly transmitted to the control center. For internal faults of the generator set, a flashing code is used to remind and play a warning role

　　3低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的有效運用

　　Effective application of 3 low concentration coke oven gas generator sets

　　低濃度性層發(fā)由機組的運用，重占體現(xiàn)在發(fā)由設備和發(fā)電工藝兩個方面,結合發(fā)電機組的案例,做如下分析。

　　The application of low concentration layer power generation units is reflected in two aspects: power generation equipment and power generation technology. Based on the case of power generation units, the following analysis is made.

　　3.1發(fā)電設備的配套原則

　　3.1 Supporting principles for power generation equipment

　　低濃度焦爐煤氣燃料對發(fā)電機組的設備有明確的要求,從燃料發(fā)電的穩(wěn)定性和安全性角度出發(fā),提出配套的要求，也就是發(fā)電機組的發(fā)電設備要遵循配套的原則，積極提升發(fā)電機組中低濃度焦爐煤氣燃料的壓力。發(fā)電設備使用期間,注意防爆防火的安全措施,例如:低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組中的內燃氣的燃燒為密封的燃燒過程。此項設備可以根據(jù)低濃度焦爐煤氣的產量,設置運行方式,在不同的發(fā)電煤礦中,均能滿足發(fā)電機組的需求。

　　Low concentration coke oven gas fuel has clear requirements for the equipment of the generator set. From the perspective of stability and safety of fuel power generation, matching requirements are proposed, which means that the power generation equipment of the generator set should follow the principle of matching and actively improve the pressure of low concentration coke oven gas fuel in the generator set. During the use of power generation equipment, pay attention to safety measures for explosion and fire prevention, such as the sealed combustion process of internal gas in low concentration coke oven gas generator sets. This equipment can set its operation mode according to the production of low concentration coke oven gas, and can meet the needs of power generation units in different coal mines.

　　3.2發(fā)電工藝

　　3.2 Power generation process

　　焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組發(fā)電機組工藝中，比較常見的有燃氣內燃機發(fā)電、燃氣汽輪機發(fā)電與燃氣鍋爐帶蒸汽輪機發(fā)電。現(xiàn)階段,燃氣內燃機發(fā)電的運用逐漸廣泛,在低濃度焦爐煤氣的抽取過程中,濃度變化明顯，濃度會引起發(fā)電波動的問題,采用燃氣內燃機.可保障低濃度焦爐煤氣的燃燒效率，有效的提高了發(fā)電機組的運用效率,即使焦爐煤氣濃度波動,也能維持較高的燃燒效率,表明燃氣內燃機的節(jié)能及環(huán)保特征。4結語

　　In the process of coke oven gas generator set, the more common ones are gas internal combustion engine power generation, gas turbine power generation, and gas boiler with steam turbine power generation. At present, the use of gas internal combustion engines for power generation is gradually becoming widespread. In the extraction process of low concentration coke oven gas, the concentration changes significantly, which can cause fluctuations in power generation. Therefore, gas internal combustion engines are adopted It can ensure the combustion efficiency of low concentration coke oven gas and effectively improve the operating efficiency of the generator set. Even if the concentration of coke oven gas fluctuates, it can maintain a high combustion efficiency, indicating the energy-saving and environmental protection characteristics of gas internal combustion engines. 4 Conclusion

　　低濃度焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組的市場占有率逐漸提高,由于此類發(fā)電機組的機械性能強,所以應積極推進低濃度焦爐煤氣的使用,改善發(fā)電機組的運行,維護發(fā)電機組的安全與穩(wěn)定，全面體現(xiàn)出低濃度焦爐煤氣的高效作用。

　　The market share of low concentration coke oven gas power generation units is gradually increasing. Due to the strong mechanical performance of such power generation units, the use of low concentration coke oven gas should be actively promoted to improve the operation of power generation units, maintain their safety and stability, and fully reflect the efficient role of low concentration coke oven gas.

　　本文由   焦爐煤氣發(fā)電機組  友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://www.miaotoo.net/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a coke oven gas generator set For more related knowledge, please click http://www.miaotoo.net/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Stay tuned